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Anonymous asked: How the psychoanalytical and the behavior focus explain psychopathology? Okay, psychoanalytical tends to focus on early development as a source for any problems and see’s repressed unconscious desires, delays in the early psychosexual development stages [ie. anal, oral etc.] as reasons for maladaptive behaviour. They do not view it as biological, instead of looking for an underlying medical cause they focus on recovering unconscious reasons as to why a person has developed a disorder. Considering what we know about the biological underpinnings of psychopathology very, very few people would subscribe to this approach and psychoanalysis in general has fallen out of favour with the psychological community. Behaviourism operates under the belief that all behaviour, including maladaptive abnormal behaviour, is learned. This can be through learned associations, reinforcement of behaviour, or modelling our behaviour on others. It also believes that these behaviours can be ‘unlearned’. It’s actually quite an effective approach in terms of treating phobia’s, addictions and psychosexual disorders - which do involve associative learning a lot of the time. However, it doesn’t really address or prove to be an effective approach in other areas of psychopathology. |
